Season both sides of the eggplant slices with salt and place them in a colander for 30 minutes to draw out excess moisture. Pat dry. Cook in the air fryer at 400°F (200°C) for 5 minutes, working in batches if needed. Air fry the potatoes for 17 minutes, then season with salt.
1 pound eggplant, 2 yellow potatoes
In a large skillet over medium-high heat, heat the oil. Sauté the onion for a few minutes, then add garlic and cook for 2 minutes more. Add the ground beef and cook until no longer pink, breaking it into crumbles.
2 tablespoons olive oil, ½ cup red onion, 2 garlic cloves, 1 pound ground beef
Stir in sugar, salt, and cinnamon. Add the tomato paste and cook for 1 minute. Pour in tomatoes and wine, scraping the bottom of the pan to deglaze. Add the bay leaf, reduce heat to low, and simmer uncovered for 10 minutes to blend the flavors. Remove and discard the bay leaf.
1 teaspoon sugar, 1 teaspoon kosher salt, ½ teaspoon ground cinnamon, 3 tablespoons tomato paste, 14 ounces canned chopped tomatoes, 1 cup dry red wine, 1 bay leaf
In another skillet, melt the butter over medium heat. Whisk in the flour and cook for 2 minutes on low. Slowly whisk in the milk, then season with salt, pepper, and nutmeg. Simmer, stirring often, until thickened.
¼ cup butter, ⅓ cup all-purpose flour, 2½ cups whole milk, ¼ teaspoon kosher salt, ¼ teaspoon ground black pepper, ⅛ teaspoon ground nutmeg
Brush the bottom and sides of a 9×13-inch baking dish with butter or olive oil.
Layer the dish by arranging half the potatoes at the bottom, followed by one-third of the eggplant, half the meat sauce, and one-third of the béchamel. Add the remaining potatoes, another third of the eggplant, the rest of the meat sauce, and another third of the béchamel. Finish with the final layer of eggplant, then top with the remaining béchamel and a sprinkle of Parmesan cheese.
¾ cup grated Parmesan cheese
Air fry uncovered at 400°F (200°C) for 10 minutes, or until golden brown and bubbling.
Let rest for at least 15 minutes before slicing.